Considerations in evaluation and treatment of the child with low vision.

Habilitation of infants and children with visual impairments should be based on a thorough understanding of their visual capabilities and limitations. Comprehensive evaluation of visual function includes measurement of visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, visual field, color vision, adaptation, visual sphere, accommodation, and oculomotor functions. It is best completed through a team approach that uses therapists, special educators, and physicians. A complete evaluation also includes examination of the effect of other motor functions on the use of vision. Nearly all aspects of a child's vision can be measured in play situations with tests that are easy to use. However, further education of nonphysician team members in refractive errors, optics, and function of optical devices may be necessary to ensure an accurate and thorough evaluation.